Participial (non-finite) Phrases/ clauses
What is participial? Progressive continuous action which is normally temporary. Basically, it shows the result/ the consequence of an action.
• از ﯾﮏ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﻧﺪ.
• از ﻓﻌﻞﻫﺎ و ﻣﺼﺪرﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮند. (verb and infinitive phrases/ clauses)
• ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ آنﻫﺎ ﯾﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ وﺻﻔﯽ(adjective) و ﯾﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻗﯿﺪي (adverb) ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
• ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎ در ﻣﺘﻮن ﻋﻠﻤﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﻧﻪ در ﻣﺤﺎوره
How to make non-finite Phrases (participial):
ﺑﺮاي ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮﯾﺴﯽ ﮐﻪ از ﻓﻌﻞﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻧﯿﺎز ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﻓﻌﻞtense present دارﯾﻢ ﮐﻪ اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎ مجهول خودشان می شوند شش فعل.
Point: Reduced clauses, it is normal to remove the tensed (TAM) forms (finite forms) of the verb (BE)
Example:
The man who is standing at the door, the man standing at the door
Having opened the letter, I have realized that it was more serious than I thought.
ﻣﺮدي ﮐﻪ اﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻣﺮدي ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ روز اﻧﮕﻠﯿﺴﯽ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.
The man studying English at 4.
